产品多元化对企业有效抵御外部风险和挑战至关重要,也是推动产业升级的重要力量.在数字中国建设背景下,智慧城市从需求侧为企业产品多元化赋能的作用日益凸显.本文拓展了 Bernard et al.(2010)的多产品理论框架,并利用2007-2015年全国税收调查数据库,探究了智慧城市建设对企业产品多元化发展的影响.研究发现:(1)智慧城市建设能够发挥显著的网络辐射效应,即通过国内企业贸易网络促进信息通信技术产品多元化生产;(2)网络辐射效应主要通过扩大下游市场销量、压低上游投入成本及促进产品互补性提高的渠道发挥效力;(3)处于市场分割较低位置且更接近市场下游的企业,更易于实现产品多元化的提升,贸易网络的集中化对辐射效应的传导具有明显阻碍作用.本文研究为评估智慧城市建设的政策内涵提供了理论框架和经验证据,也为如何依托宏观政策推动信息通信技术领域产品多元化发展提供了有益参考.
Smart City Construction,Trade Networks and Firm Product Diversity
Product diversity is pivotal for firms to navigate external risks and challenges,and it is a key driver of indus-trial upgrading.Despite its importance,achieving product diversity is fraught with difficulties,primarily due to the chal-lenge of efficiently allocating scarce resources across multiple product lines.This is particularly true in the information and communications technology(ICT)sector,where firms confront technological hurdles and volatile market demands,leading to a diminished incentive to innovate and thus impeding industrial upgrading.This study explores the role of smart city construction in fostering product diversity among ICT firms,emphasizing the substantial influence of govern-ment procurement as a demand-side catalyst.Smart city initiatives,characterized by cross-regional collaboration between local governments and external firms,extend beyond localized development to form an interconnected framework that spans various provincial-level regions.Our research accomplishes three main objectives.Firstly,we provide a theoretical framework and empirical evidence on how smart city construction drives product diversity from the demand-side perspective.We expand upon the multi-product theoretical framework proposed by Bernard et al.(2010),considering the trade flow of intermediate inputs and product sales to investigate the network radiation effect.Utilizing the National Tax Survey Database from 2007 to 2015 and capitalizing on the demand shock from China's smart city push for ICT products post-2012,we employ shift-share analysis to assess the network radiation effect.In the face of the complex and dynamic scenario of spatial spillovers,this method demonstrates remarkable estimation capabilities that significantly distinguish it from traditional difference-in-differences methods,due to its unique analytical framework and data processing techniques.Our findings indicate that smart city construction markedly enhances product diversity by bolstering sales,enabling complementary strategy execu-tion,and diminishing intermediate input costs.Secondly,we employ the Visual Geometry Group(VGG)model of convo-lutional neural networks to identify inter-firm relationships and construct a national ICT trade network system.This ap-proach fortifies the empirical analysis by providing a robust dataset and enables precise quantification of the network ra-diation effect.Thirdly,we scrutinize external constraints and find that market segmentation and monopolization signifi-cantly hinder the network radiation effect.Conversely,a decentralized and balanced network topology is beneficial for fa-cilitating trade circulation.Our work contributes to the body of literature in three aspects.The first lies in the research perspective.This paper focuses on a demand-side approach,highlighting the distinct characteristics of government procurement activities during smart city construction,namely their clear policy orientation and extended demand cycles.These features provide an im-portant perspective for delving into how to effectively expand domestic demand.Unlike previous literature that primarily focuses on local effects,this paper further examines the network radiation effect of smart city construction across the country.Moreover,it goes beyond analyzing the diversification of export behavior and instead explores all product alloca-tion behaviors,including domestic and foreign sales,deepening the understanding of how firms expand in both domestic and international markets.The second contribution is the systematic integration of various datasets.This paper integrates multidimensional databases and utilizes the mature VGG model to construct a trade network system covering ICT firms nationwide.The research provides data support for promoting the development of China's ICT industry through the power of trade networks.The third contribution is the in-depth exploration of research mechanisms.This paper theoreti-cally reveals the unique role of trade networks in unleashing demand potential and provides empirical insights for effec-tively facilitating the circulation of the national economy by delving into the impact of node positions and network struc-tures.
Smart City ConstructionProduct DiversityNetwork Radiation Effect
万方数据
维普
