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转变草原畜牧业生产方式的地方实践与政策建议

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转变草原畜牧业生产方式,保护草原生态环境,是美丽中国建设在草原牧区的具体实践.在国家政策引导下,各地积极探索了草原畜牧业生产方式转变的实现路径.本文以内蒙古自治区阿鲁科尔沁旗为案例,调研发现,阿鲁科尔沁旗着力培育新型牧业经营主体、发展畜牧业社会化服务、探索建立激励约束措施,有力推动了草原畜牧业生产方式向舍饲圈养的转变.然而,土地资源约束、牧民老龄化、资金保障力度不够、畜牧业保险不完善、生态补偿标准过低已成为主要制约障碍.鉴于此,应从建立市场导向的政策体系、完善政府主导的保障机制、加强配套政策的有效衔接等方面寻找改革的突破口,实现草原生态保护和畜牧业发展双赢.
Local Practice and Policy Suggestions on the Transformation of Production Pattern of Grassland Livestock Husbandry
Transforming the production pattern of grassland livestock husbandry and protection of grassland ecological environment are concrete practices of Beautiful China Initiative in grass-land pastoral areas.Under the guidance of the national policy,various regions have actively ex-plored the realization of the path to transform the production pattern of grassland livestock hus-bandry.This paper takes Ar Horqin Banner in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as a case study,and shows that Ar Horqin Banner has made efforts to cultivate new type of livestock hus-bandry operating entity,develop livestock husbandry socialized services,and explore the estab-lishment of incentives and constraints,which has effectively pushed the grassland livestock hus-bandry production pattern to captive breeding.However,land resource constraints,the ageing of herders,insufficient financial security,imperfect livestock insurance,and low ecological compen-sation standards have become major obstacles.In view of this,it is necessary to carry out reforms in terms of establishing a market-oriented policy system,improving the government-led mecha-nism,and strengthening the effective convergence of supporting policies,to achieve a win-win sit-uation for grassland ecological protection and the development of the livestock husbandry industry.

grassland livestock husbandryproduction patterngrassland ecological protec-tion

余家林、王怡迪

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中国社会科学院农村发展研究所

中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院

草原畜牧业 生产方式 草原生态保护

国家社会科学基金重大项目

17ZDA075

2024

经济研究参考
经济科学出版社

经济研究参考

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.53
ISSN:2095-3151
年,卷(期):2024.(3)
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