Analysis of Pro-Nature Characteristics in Medieval European Architecture
In recent years,the gradual completion of the dual-carbon"1+N"policy system has underscored the importance of exploring pro-nature characteristics in representative buildings from an ecological perspective,providing fresh design insights for contemporary low-carbon architecture.The medieval period marked a significant breakthrough in European architectural styles,arts,and techniques,representing a pivotal moment in the relationship between architecture and nature.Based on William Browning's 14 pro-nature design patterns and thorough literature reviews,this study chronicles the historical progression of medieval European architecture.It categorizes pro-nature features in medieval European architecture according to three design patterns:"Natural Patterns in Space,""Natural Analogues,"and"The Essence of Space,"analyzing the effects of different factors on pro-nature impacts,distilling experience and wisdom,and ultimately offering pro-nature design recommendations under the dual-carbon framework.