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Tax enforcement activities:Evidence on the impact of a threat-of-audit letter

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As part of their ordinary enforcement activities,tax authorities around the world use letters and other forms of personalised communications to elicit tax compliance at a low cost.The litera-ture shows that the impact of a threat-of-audit letter(TAL)depends critically on the credibility of the letter which,in turn,depends on the information disclosed to the taxpayer.We study a TAL that is credible because it also uses third-party information to target a form of cost manipulation but,at the same time,incentivises alternative forms of cost manipulation by not target-ing them.We find that the direct impact on the targeted cost manipulation is stronger than the strategic increase in other costs,and therefore the overall effect of the TAL on taxable income is positive.Our approach can be applied to any letter or enforce-ment action that reveals information to taxpayers and thus prompts their strategic responses.By observing the taxpayers'responses along all relevant dimensions,the tax authority can evaluate the impact of the strategy and also obtain valuable infor-mation to target future enforcement activities.

Tax compliance by businessesthreat-of-audit letterdifference-in-differencessmall business taxation

Carlo V.Fiorio、Alessandro Santoro

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Department of Economics,Management and Quantitative Methods(DEMM),University of Milan,Milan,Italy

The Research Institute for the Evaluation of Public Policies,Bruno Kessler Foundation(FBK-IRVAPP),Trento,Italy

Dondena Centre,Milan,Italy

Department of Economics,Management and Statistics(DEMS),University of Milan-Bicocca,Milan,Italy

Centre for European Studies(CefES),University of Milan-Bicocca,Milan,Italy

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Revenue Agency of Italy

2024

10.1080/20954816.2023.2192559

经济与政治研究(英文版)

经济与政治研究(英文版)

ISSN：
年,卷(期)：2024.12(2)