Objective To evaluate the significance of continuous quality improvement program in PICC care of leukemia patients. Methods: From April 2020 to September 2022, patients with leukemia were selected for PICC catheterization. 50 patients were divided into groups by drawing lots. 25 cases in each group. Reference group: routine nursing mode. Test group: continuous quality improvement mode. Test the intervention effect of each group. Results: After intervention, PICC retention time, nursing quality, quality of life and self-management ability in the test group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of continuous quality improvement can improve the self-management ability of leukemia patients with PICC catheterization, prolong the catheterization time and improve the quality of life.