首页|增效氮肥对玉米生长发育及产量的影响

增效氮肥对玉米生长发育及产量的影响

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为了调控肥料养分在土壤中的转化、减少养分损失,本研究在吉林省梨树县进行了两年的玉米田间定位试验,系统研究了添加腐殖酸、海藻酸、氨基酸和调理剂的增效氮肥的施用效果,从中筛选出最优的施用类型,以期为玉米生产的减肥增效提供可行途径.综合两年定位试验结果显示,增效氮肥显著提高了玉米产量和肥料利用率.与追施尿素相比,追施增效氮肥Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型处理玉米产量分别增加了 7.17%、5.43%、5.52%和3.41%;氮肥利用率分别提高了 12.72%、2.68%、2.71%和5.42%,农学效率提高了 5.24、4.29、4.41、1.82 kg/kg.其中追施增效氮肥Ⅰ型的玉米增产率、氮肥利用率和农学效率提高幅度最大,效果最佳,是最适合该地区玉米施用的氮肥类型.
Studies on the Effect of Synergistic Nitrogen Fertilizers Application on Maize in Black Soil
In order to regulate the conversion of fertilizer nutrients in the soil and reduce nutrient losses,this study conducted a two-year corn field location trial in Lishu County,Jilin Province,to systematically study the application effects of efficiency N fertilizers with humic acid,alginate,amino acids and conditioners,and to screen out the opti-mal application formulations,with a view to providing a feasible way to reduce weight and increase efficiency in corn production.The results of the comprehensive two-year positioning test showed that the efficiency nitrogen fertilizer significantly improved the corn yield and fertilizer utilization.Compared with common urea treatment,maize yield increased by 7.17%,5.43%,5.52%and 3.41%with N fertilizer synergist Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,respectively.N fertilizer utilization increased by 12.72%,2.68%,2.71%and 5.42%,respectively,and agronomical efficiency increased by 5.24,4.29,4.41,1.82 kg/kg,respectively.The maize yield increase,nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate and agronomic efficiency increased the most and had the best effect with the retroactive application of efficiency-enhancing nitro-gen fertilizer type Ⅰ,which is the most suitable type of nitrogen fertilizer for maize cultivation in this region.

Nitrogen fertilizerFertilizer synergistMaizeFertilizer utilization rate

石淏心、石晓雨、张平、李晓宇、张晓岩、崔帅、高强、李杰

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中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳 110016

吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春 130118

增效氮肥 肥料增效剂 玉米 肥料利用率

国家重点研发计划项目国家重点研发计划项目辽宁省优秀青年科学计划项目沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划项目

2022YFD15001052022YFD1700601062022-YQ-05RC220330

2024

东北农业科学
吉林省农业科学院

东北农业科学

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.449
ISSN:1003-8701
年,卷(期):2024.49(2)