摘要
在河南省夏玉米主产区连续2年设置大田定点试验,设置6种施肥处理,分别为100％普通氮肥(T,)、25％控释氮肥+75％普通氮肥(T2)、50％控释氮肥+50％普通氮肥(T3)、75％控释氮肥+25％普通氮肥(T4)、100％控释氮肥(T5),以不施氮肥为对照(CK),研究控释氮肥与普通氮肥配施对连作夏玉米氮素积累、氮肥利用效率及产量性状的影响.结果表明,与普通氮肥一次性基施相比,控释氮肥与普通氮肥配施提高了夏玉米籽粒产量、干物质积累量和氮素积累量及肥料利用效率,随着控释氮肥占总施氮量比例的增加呈先升后降的趋势.2019、2020年氮素积累量成熟期分别增加了4.5％～11.2％和4.5％～15.6％;干物质积累量分别增加了2.8％～17.6％和9.5％～18.6％.T3、T4处理提高了氮肥农学效率、氮肥表观利用效率、氮肥偏生产力、氮收获指数.控释氮肥与普通氮肥配施籽粒产量2019、2020年比普通氮肥一次性基施分别增加了4.4％～12.2％和5.4％～13.9％,经济效益分别增加了1～1 496元/hm2和157～2 111元/hm2,在总施纯氮量为225 kg/hm2时,75％控释氮肥+25％普通氮肥处理可以促进氮素利用效率和产量的协同提高.
Abstract
A two-year fixed plot experiment was conducted in the major maize production area in Henan Province,6 controlled release nitrogen fertilizer(CRN)with conventional nitrogen fertilizer(N)treatments were arranged,includ-ing T1(100％ N),T2(25％ CRN+75％ N),T3(50％ CRN+50％ N),T4(75％ CRN+25％ N),T5(100％ CRN),and CK(no ni-trogen fertilizer),effects of CRN combined with N on nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen use efficiency and yield of con-tinuous summer maize.The results showed that the combination of CRN and N increased significantly grain yield,dry matter and nitrogen accumulation,and fertilizer use efficiency of summer maize,compared with single basal ap-plication of conventional nitrogen fertilizer,which were increased firstly and then gradually decreased with the in-crease of proportion of CRN.The nitrogen accumulation increased by 4.5％-1 1.2％ and 4.5％-15.6％ in the maturity stage,respectively,dry matter accumulation increased by 2.8％-17.6％ and 9.5％-18.6％,respectively,from 2019 to 2020.The treatment T3 and T4 improved the agronomic efficiency,apparent benefit efficiency,partial productivity a harvest index of nitrogen fertilizer.The grain yield of the controlled release nitrogen fertilizer combined with con-ventional nitrogen fertilizer increased by 4.4％-12.2％ and 5.4％-13.9％,respectively,the economic benefits in-creased 1-1 496 yuan/ha and 157-2 111 yuan/ha,respectively,compared with single basal application of conven-tional nitrogen fertilizer in 2019 and 2020.combined application of 75％ CRN and 25％ N could promote synergistic improvement of nitrogen use efficiency and yield in the treatment of nitrogen fertilizer level 225 kg/ha.
基金项目
河南省科技攻关计划项目(242102111168)
河南省玉米产业技术体系驻马店综合试验站项目(HARS-23-02-Z6)
驻马店市重大科技专项(ZMDSZDZX2023005)
维普
万方数据