不同灌溉量对春玉米生长、干物质积累及转运的影响
Effects of Drip Irrigation Amounts with Water and Fertilizer on Growth,Dry Matter Accumulation and Operation of Spring Maize
杨乔乔 1康建宏 2王佳 2王天佑 2刘伟 2张月荷 2王晓苹2
作者信息
- 1. 宁夏大学农学院,银川 750021;石嘴山市平罗县农业农村局,宁夏 石嘴山 753400
- 2. 宁夏大学农学院,银川 750021
- 折叠
摘要
为探究宁夏地区滴灌水肥一体化条件下春玉米的适宜灌水量,本研究在2019年和2020年开展灌水量对春玉米生长状况、干物质积累量、转运效率及产量影响的研究.以迪卡517为供试春玉米品种,共设置3个灌水量处理,分别为:CK(100％,3 300 m3/hm2)、T,(70％,2 310 m3/hm2)、T2(85％,2 805 m3/hm2).结果表明,2019 年 70％灌水量条件下的株高、茎粗和SPAD值最高,85％灌水量条件下次之,100％灌水量条件下的最低;2020年灌水量对株高、茎粗和SPAD值的影响为:T1＞T2＞CK;2019年和2020年均以T,处理的春玉米叶面积指数最大,有利于叶绿素的保持.2019年和2020年干物质积累的总量均随生育期的推进逐渐上升,T2处理的干物质转运效率最大;在产量构成因素中,2019年穗粒数、百粒重与产量关系密切,2020年穗长、秃尖长、穗粒数、百粒重是影响产量的重要因素;两年中均以T1处理有更好的穗部特征,其产量较T2处理和CK分别高5.17％、32.07％和3.52％、26.88％;对于该试验地区,70％滴灌量可推荐作为当地滴灌水肥一体化灌水量的参考指标.
Abstract
In order to explore the suitable irrigation amount for maize planting under the condition of integrated drip irrigation and water fertilizer in Ningxia,this study conducted a study on the effects of irrigation amount on spring maize growth,dry matter accumulation,transport and yield in 2019 and 2020.Taking Dika517 as the test variety,us-ing the method of field experiment,three irrigation water levels were set up:CK(100％,3,300 m3/ha),T1(70％,2,310 m3/ha),T2(85％,2,805 m3/ha).In 2019,plant height,stem diameter and SPAD values were the highest under T1,the next is T2,and the lowest is CK.In 2019 and 2020,the leaf area index(LAI)of spring maize under T1 was larger,which was beneficial to the maintenance of chlorophyll.In 2019 and 2020,the total dry matter accumulation in-creased gradually with the advance of the growth period,and the dry matter transport efficiency was the highest un-der T2.Among the yield components,grain weight per ear and weight of 100 grains are closely related to yield.Grain length per ear,bald tip length,grain weight per ear and weight of 100 grains in 2020 are all important factors affect-ing yield.In both two years,the grain yield under T1 was 5.17％,32.07％and 3.52％,26.88％higher than that under T2 and CK,respectively.For this test area,70％drip irrigation can be recommended as the reference index of the lo-cal drip irrigation water and fertilizer integrated irrigation amount.
关键词
滴灌水肥一体化/春玉米/灌水量/干物质量/产量Key words
Drip irrigation,water and fertilizer integration/Spring maize/Irrigation amount/Dry matter/Yield引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据