The Joint Toxic Effects of Copper,Zinc and Lead to Daphnia magna
Therefore,it is necessary to study their combined toxicity to aquatic organisms.In this paper,Daphnia magna was used as and experimental organism to investigate the individual toxicity of Cu,Zn and Pb,as well as their combined toxic effect.The results showed that the 96-h LC50 values for Cu,Zn and Pb in D.magna were 0.0576 mg/L,0.3459 mg/L and 13.8100 mg/L,respectively.The safe concentrations(SC)of Cu,Zn and Pb in D.magna were 0.0006 mg/L,0.0035 mg/L and 0.1381 mg/L,respectively.The toxicity level order of these three heavy metals to D.magna was Cu＞Zn＞Pb.Using the non-linear joint evaluation method,it was found that the actual 48-h lethality rates of pairwise combination of three heav-y metals(Cu+Zn,Cu+Pb,Zn+Pb)to D.magna were higher than the theoretical lethal rates.This inde-cates that the toxic effect of the combination persence of these three heavy metal ions on D.magna exhibited a synergistic effect.
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