Incentive Failure:The Realistic Logic and Consequences of Grassroots Civil Servants'Promotion—Observations Based on the Relationships Dissolve Incentives in a District Unit in Central Province A
In order to mobilize the motivation of grass-roots civil servants from the top down,a lot of efforts have been made to provide positive incentives,such as grade parallelism,appraisal and rewards,and the"creation of mobility",and so on.However,the problem of low motivation of grass-roots civil servants still prevails,and there is a motivation dilemma for grass-roots civil servants,and the purpose of this paper is to explore the internal mechanism of this dilemma.Based on a six-year observation of a district unit in central province A,it is found that,firstly,the institutional incentives for grass-roots civil servants usually include spiritual incentives,material incentives and promotion incentives.These three types of incentives can be categorized into two distinct types,namely,kernel incentives,where promotion is the means of reward,and peripheral incentives,where material and moral rewards are the means of reward.Secondly,due to the scarcity of incentive resources,the implementation of incentives must be based on procedural fairness,therefore,appraisal is an important supplement to the implementation of incentives.But paradoxically,in reality,the assessment is often not the basis for incentives,but the opposite.Thirdly,the real basis for the implementation of kernel incentives is the implicit order of promotion constructed by the strength of grass-roots civil servants'relational resources inside and outside the system,while marginal rewards are offered to the disadvantaged groups of that order as a kind of counterbalance.Therefore,it is common at the grassroots level that there is a discrepancy between the outstanding civil servants of the year and those who are promoted,as well as a discrepancy between the leadership evaluation of those who are promoted and the popularity evaluation of their coworkers.Finally,the invisible promotion order has led to a double-dip effect of kernel and peripheral incentives,which this paper summarizes as"relationship-dissolving incentives,"and the current distributional system is reinforcing the relational attributes of the county.
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