齿轮箱内部激励下振动噪声仿真研究
Simulation Study on Vibration and Noise of Gearbox under Internal Excitation
钟睦 1王延靖 2姚术健3
作者信息
- 1. 中南大学交通运输工程学院,长沙 410075;中南大学极端流动力能前沿科学中心,长沙 410075
- 2. 中南大学交通运输工程学院,长沙 410075
- 3. 中南大学交通运输工程学院,长沙 410075;中南大学极端流动力能前沿科学中心,长沙 410075;中南大学轨道交通安全关键技术国际合作联合实验室,长沙 410075
- 折叠
摘要
目的 研究齿轮箱体在内部激励下的传动稳定性和振动噪声的产生、传播和辐射规律.方法 考虑时变刚度、误差激励等因素对齿轮系统的影响,利用集中参数法建立齿轮传动纯扭转动力学模型.结合MATLAB 数值计算,从动态啮合力入手,分析振动噪声在内部动态激励作用下的时域和频域特征.建立齿轮箱体有限元模型,进行模态分析和频率响应分析.以动力学分析结果为边界条件,分别利用声学无限元法和无反射边界法进行齿轮箱振动噪声仿真.结果 获得了2 000 Hz内的固有频率、振型和频率响应曲线,结合振动峰值频率,对齿轮箱的振动情况进行了预测.得到了齿轮箱在无界声场中的辐射声功率级曲线、场点声压级曲线、声指向性和声压级云图,并对声学无限元法和无反射边界法的计算结果进行了对比,得到了二者的最佳适用条件.结论 齿轮箱内部动态激励具有明显的周期性和冲击性,齿轮传动过程中含有较多的啮合频率和二倍频成分.齿轮箱上下表面为薄壁结构,振动比较明显,是各阶振型发生振动的主要部位.箱体在低阶模态下为单一振型,在高阶模态下出现多种振型耦合的现象.无限元法计算时间较长,但在近场分析时精度较高,适用于近场声学问题分析.无反射边界相比于无限元法耗费更少的计算时间,远场分析的精度更高,适用于高频、远场声学问题分析.
Abstract
The work aims to study the transmission stability of gearbox under internal excitation and the generation,propa-gation and radiation of vibration noise.Considering the effect of time-varying stiffness,error excitation and other factors on the gear system,the pure torsional dynamics model of gear transmission was established by the lumped parameter method.Based on MATLAB numerical calculation,the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of vibration and noise under internal excitation were analyzed from the perspective of dynamic meshing force.The finite element model of gearbox was established,and the modal analysis and frequency response analysis were carried out.With the results of dynamic analysis as the boundary conditions,the infinite element method and the non-reflective boundary method were used to simulate the vibration and noise of gearbox respectively.The natural frequency,mode and frequency response curves within 2 000 Hz were obtained.Combined with the peak frequency of vibration,the vibration of the gearbox was predicted.The radiation sound power level curve,field point sound pressure level curve,sound directivity and sound pressure level cloud map of the gearbox in the unbounded sound field were obtained.The calculation results of the infinite element method and the non-reflective boundary method were com-pared to obtain the optimal application conditions.The dynamic excitation inside the gearbox has obvious periodicity and im-pact,and the gear transmission process contains more meshing frequency and double frequency components.The upper and lower surfaces of the gearbox are thin-walled structures,and the vibration is obvious,which is the main part of the vibration of each order mode.The box has a single mode in the low-order mode,and several mode coupling phenomena appear in the high-order mode.The infinite element method takes a long time for calculation,but has high precision in near-field analysis,and is suitable for near-field acoustic analysis.Compared with the infinite element method,the non-reflective boundary method consumes less calculation time,and the far-field analysis is more accurate,which is suitable for the analysis of high-frequency and far-field acoustic problems.
关键词
内部激励/振动噪声/齿轮箱/无限元法/无反射边界法/模态Key words
internal excitation/vibration noise/gearbox/infinite element method/non-reflective boundary method/module引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据