选用乙醇水浴加热提取法,以开口箭根状茎粉末为原料,考察料液比、乙醇体积分数、提取时间、提取温度对总皂苷得率的影响,利用正交试验优化总皂苷的提取工艺,并在此基础上,探究总皂苷提取物的抑菌活性.提取工艺优化结果表明,开口箭根状茎中总皂苷最佳提取条件为料液比1∶30(g∶mL),乙醇体积分数60％,提取温度80 ℃,提取时间60 min,最佳提取工艺条件下的总皂苷得率为17.46％.抑菌试验结果表明,质量浓度为20 g/L的总皂苷提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌均有抑制作用,其中对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果最佳,抑菌圈直径达19 mm.
Extraction Process and Antibacterial Activity of Total Saponins from Rhizomes of Rohdea chinensis
The total saponin was isolated from Rohdea chinensis rhizome through the ethanol water bath heating extraction method.The influences of ethanol concentration,liquid to material ratio,extraction time and extraction temperature on the yield rate of the total saponin were investigated.On the basis of single factor test,the orthogonal test was used to optimize the extraction process.The optimal extraction conditions of total saponins from the rhizome of Rohdea chinensis are as follows:material-liquid ratio 1∶30(g∶mL),ethanol concentration 60％,extraction time 60 min,and extraction temperature 80 ℃.Un-der these extraction conditions,the total saponin yield of Rohdea chinensis was 17.46％.The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that the total saponins in the rhizome of the Rohdea chinensis had inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Candida albicans,and the inhibitory activi-ty on Staphylococcus aureus was the best,with the diameter of the inhibition circle 12 mm at a concen-tration of 5 g/L.
rhizomes of Rohdea chinensistotal saponinsextraction processantibacterial activityorthog-onal test
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