摘要
水性聚氨酯(WPU)已被提出作为一种使用水替代传统溶剂基的环保分散液,在高分子链上,除了与普通聚氨酯一样含有重复的氨基甲酸酯单元外,还含有多个离子基团,因此,其具有氢键以及库仑力的双重作用,不仅保留了传统溶剂中聚氨酯(PU)的性能,还增加了高相对分子质量、低黏度、无毒、无污染、低成本、适用性好、安全性好等全新特性,广泛应用于涂料、胶黏剂等方面.但是,其在耐水性、耐高温性、耐溶剂性、耐候性及表面光泽等性能方面表现较差,严重限制了其在生产生活中的应用.为了提高WPU的综合性能并对其进行一系列改性,文章主要综述了WPU的合成、改性方法及其在纺织领域的应用.
Abstract
Waterborne polyurethane(WPU)has been proposed as an environmentally friendly dispersion that uses water as a substitute for traditional solvent base.In addition to containing repetitive amino ester units like ordinary polyurethane,it also contains multiple ionic groups on the polymer chain.Therefore,it has a dual effect of hydrogen bonding and Coulombic force,not only retains the properties of polyurethane(PU)in traditional solvents,but also adds the new characteristics of high relative molecular mass,low viscosity,non-toxic,pollution-free,low cost,good applicability,good safety,and is widely used in coatings,adhesives and other aspects.However,its poor performance in water resistance,high temperature resistance,solvent resistance,weather resistance,and surface gloss severely limits its application in production and daily life.In order to improve the comprehensive performance of WPU and carry out a series of modifications to it,this paper mainly reviews the synthesis and modification methods of WPU,as well as the application of WPU in the textile field.
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