In wastewater treatment,the traditional biological nitrogen removal process mainly relies on activated sludge to control and optimize its population size and ensure its activity.Encapsulating microorganisms in a permeable matrix prevents cell flushing and preserves specific microbial populations to improve the efficiency and stability of the biological nitrogen removal process.The encapsulating technology has been developed to some extent.Under the condition of wastewater treatment,the kinetics and stoichiometric parameters of key microorganisms in the stability,permeability and sustainability of different encapsulating materials were compared,and it was found that the microbiomes such as ammonia-oxidizing archaea,ammonia-oxidizing bacteria,heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria had good encapsulating application potential.The research of bio-denitrification encapsulation technology is summarized and prospected.The theoretical results can also be extended to other processing processes involving microbial immobilization.
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