In the composition of virtual scenes,besides three-dimensional geometric models,the most im-portant element is the appearance of object surfaces.Physically-based modeling and realistic rendering of materials are crucial means to ensure the realism of virtual scenes.However,due to the diversity and complex-ity of real-world material appearance,research on realistic materials has been a hot and challenging topic in the field of computer graphics.In this paper,we summarize numerous relevant works on material appearance,categorizing them into two main aspects:appearance modeling and realistic rendering of materials.Further-more,material models are divided into two major categories:general material models with board representa-tional space and special material models tailored for materials such as hair and fabric.Material rendering methods are also classified into two types:point-sampling optimization for offline rendering and material pre-filtering for real-time rendering.Finally,three potential directions for material research are pointed out:neural network materials,wave optics materials and a unified standard of material,providing insights for future research in this field.
维普
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