Overview of Blockchain Mining Pool Networks and Typical Attack Modes
The blockchain network is a type of overlay network constructed on a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol(TCP/IP)system.It provides communication support to ensure the consistency of ledger data between mutual distrust nodes in a distributed environment without relying on trusted central-service nodes and trusted channels.Owing to the development of blockchain mining technology,particularly the application of Proof of Work(PoW)consensus mining technology based on Application-Specific Integrated Circuit(ASIC),Graphics Processing Unit(GPU),and other hardware used in mainstream cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin(BTC),Ethereum(ETH),and Litecoin(LTC),researchers have extensively investigated the mining pool network,which supports the mining pool mode.However,results pertaining to the mining pool network and its security are scarce.Therefore,the abovementioned results must be summarized and synthesized to monitor the progress of blockchain technology research and expand blockchain application research.First,based on the networking mode of the classical Peer-to-Peer(P2P)network,this study reviews the operating mechanism and characteristics of the blockchain P2P network based on typical application scenarios such as BTC,ETH,and Hyperledger.Second,this study introduces the concept of mining pool,mining field,and mining pool network,as well as analyzes the components of the mining pool network and the operating principle of typical mining pool network protocols such as GetWork,GetBlockTemplate,and Stratum.Subsequently,the implementation process of typical attack modes such as selfish mining,pool hopping,block withholding,and empty block attacks against the mining pool network is discussed,and the corresponding prevention methods are proposed.Finally,future developments for the mining pool network are recommended.
blockchainPeer-to-Peer(P2P)networkmining pool networkconsensus mechanismnetwork attack
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
