Curve fitting techniques are widely used in fields of image processing,reverse engineering,and test data processing,and Gaussian function is also widely applied in fields of natural sciences,social sciences,mathematics and engineering,so it has great significance to accomplish Gaussian curve fitting fast and accurately.This paper introduces the basic concepts of curve fitting and the basic theory of Gaussian curve fitting.Then simulation has been carried on under the Matlab R2012a environment,and it can be found from the result that Gaussian curve fitting can be accomplished using Matlab fast and accurately.