A polyhedral discrete element method for sea ice dynamic process in polar regions
Sea ice in polar regions has a significant impact on navigational conditions and even climate predictions at geological scales.Addressing the shortcomings of traditional continuum-based grid models for sea ice simulation,the discrete element method(DEM)has emerged as a popular tool in floe dynamics research.In this study,we establish a discrete element method suitable for simulating polar-scale sea ice dynamics.This method employs polyhedrons based on surface triangulation to describe floating ice.The Gilbert-Johnson-Keerthi(GJK)algorithm is employed to enhance computational efficiency.The contact forces between elements are determined based on the energy conservation theory.A bond-fracture model describes the formation of level ice from freezing floes,incorporating plastic forces during the ridge formation process as proposed by Hopkins.Firstly,the accuracy of the contact force calculations is verified through the simulations of collisions between two idealized floes.Subsequently,the capability to simulate ridge formation is validated through the floe field compression under a unidirectional uniform wind.Finally,the influence of bond strength parameters on sea ice fracturing and ridge formation under shear wind conditions is studied.The results indicate that this model effectively captures the dynamics of sea ice on a geological scale and accurately depicts linear kinematic features,such as crevices and ridges,caused by linear motion in ice covers.
sea ice dynamicsdiscrete element methodridge modelsea ice fracture
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