Municipal wastewater treatment plants are important sites for the transfer and dis-semination of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs).They are also the major sources of ARGs pollu-tion in the environment.This article provides a comprehensive review on the pathways,influencing factors,and mechanisms of ARGs dissemination from MWTPs to environmental media.The re-sults indicate that ARGs in MWTPs can migrate to surrounding environmental media(e.g.,re-ceiving water bodies,soil,and air),through various pathways,such as effluent discharge,land application of sludge,reclaimed water irrigation,and aerosol dispersion.The dissemination and persistence of ARGs in environmental media are affected by the physical and chemical properties of the media.ARGs disseminate in environmental media primarily through horizontal gene transfer(HGT)mediated by mobile genetic elements(MGEs).
关键词
城镇污水处理厂/抗生素抗性基因/环境介质/传播途径/传播机制
Key words
Municipal wastewater treatment plants/Antibiotic resistance genes/Environmental media/Dissemination pathways/Dissemination mechanisms