Preparation and Bioactivity of Micro-Nano Structure on Ti6Al4V Surface
Titanium(Ti)and its alloys have been widely used in the medical field for dental and ortho-pedic surgeries owing to their excellent mechanical and biological properties.However,much effort has been devoted to the surface modification on Ti-based implants for better biological response in medical applications.Bioactive layers with micro-and nano-scale structures and morphologies can increase the specific surface area of the implants and facilitate rapid osseointegration,which has shown good biologi-cal behaviors both in the laboratory and clinical setting.Sandblasting and acid-etching(SLA)technology has become one of the most commonly used surface modification processes for currently marketed den-tal implants,since it can be easily operated and is efficient.However,studies on etching behavior are still limited.In this study,concentrated hydrochloric acid((36%-38%)HCl,mass fraction)and mixed diluted acid(20%HCl:30%H2SO4 = 1:1,volume fraction)were used to etch Ti6Al4V,and an ultrasonic field was applied to the acid etching treatment.The influence of different etching parameters on the surface struc-ture and morphology of Ti6Al4V was discussed,including the acid etching reagent,acid etching time,and ultrasonic field.Moreover,through the combination of SLA and induction heating treatment(IHT)oxida-tion,the micro-and nano-scale hierarchical structure was prepared on the surface of Ti6Al4V.The evolu-tion of surface topography,chemistry,roughness,wettability,and bioactivity of the hierarchical structure was discussed.The micro-scale composite pores combing dozens of micron pores and several micron pores were obtained by SLA.Within a certain etching time range,with the prolonging of the etching time,the step structure on the inner wall of the micro-pores becomes more obvious,and ultrasound can accel-erate the acid etching.After the IHT at 800℃,the micro-and nano-scale hierarchical surface with micro-scale composite pores and nanoscale oxide was obtained.Compared with the SLA surface,there was a decrease in surface roughness and an increase in wettability.Furthermore,after soaking in simulated body fluid(SBF)for 14 d,a homogeneous hydroxyapatite(HA)layer was formed on the micro-and nano-scale structured Ti6Al4V surface,suggesting high biological activity of the fabricated structure.
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