Occupational Health Status and Health Risk Assessment of Dust Exposed Workers in Jiangsu Province in 2022
Objective To actively monitor and assess the occupational health status of dust-exposed workers in Jiangsu Province;to provide reference for making(revising)policies and standards.Methods In 2022,a total of 264 small and medium-sized dust ex-posure enterprises in 13 districts of Jiangsu Province were selected to carry out active monitoring and free health examination,and the abnormal rate of chest radiographs and lung function results of occupational population were described and analyzed.Using EP A inhala-tion risk assessment model and gradient boosting decision tree(GBDT),artificial neural network and naive bayes three machine learn-ing models to perform risk assessment for active monitoring of exposure to dust operations.Results Among 5 701 surveyed workers ex-posed to dust,the abnormal detection rate of chest radiography was 18.31％.Pneumoconiosis samples were changed in 2 persons,the detection rate was 0.04％,all of them were male,with 10-14 years of service,Suqian City,contact with cement dust,non-metallic mineral products industry,small enterprises.The abnormal detection rates of FVC％,FEV1.0％and FEV1.0/FVC％were 13.38％,3.68％and 0.74％,respectively.There were significant differences in the abnormal rates of chest radiography and lung function among subjects in different regions,dust type,industry type,enterprise scale,gender and dust exposure years(x2 value 4.51-823.34,all P＜0.05).There were 4 092 effective monitoring posts,with a pass rate of 86.63％.The qualified status of chest radiography and lung func-tion of dust exposed workers were statistically correlated with the results of dust monitoring at the post(x2=27.66,17.39,all P＜0.05).Workers exposed to silica dust(free SiO2 level 50％to＜80％)have a higher non-carcinogenic health risk(HQ＞1).Among the three machine learning models,the accuracy of GBDT model was the highest in the training and testing groups of lung function and DR Chest film,which were 0.953,0.923 and 0.923,0.88,respectively.Fl values were all ≥0.865.The main variable of the model is the region of the employer(64.10％).The main variable of DR Chest film was the age of receiving injury(28.20％).Conclusions The appropri-ate risk assessment model should be established,active monitoring data should be used rationally;the occupational health protection and monitoring should be promoted for operators exposed to high risk dust.
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