2018-2021年如皋市高中新生结核病筛查情况分析
Screening of tuberculosis among freshmen in senior high schools in Rugao City from 2018 to 2021
郭晓军 1刘巧2
作者信息
- 1. 如皋市疾病预防控制中心,江苏南通 226500
- 2. 江苏省疾病预防控制中心
- 折叠
摘要
目的 分析如皋市高中新生结核病筛查情况和干预效果,为开展学校结核病防控工作提出科学依据.方法 收集如皋市2018-2021年高中新生的结核病筛查资料,按照性别、年龄、问诊情况、结核菌素皮肤试验(PPD)或γ干扰素释放试验(IGRA)筛查结果、胸部X线检查结果、临床表现和预防性服药情况等进行描述分析.结果 2018-2021年共有35 253名高中新生接受结核病筛查,潜伏感染率为3.66％,PDD强阳性率为1.00％,IGRA筛查153名、阳性率29.41％;筛查出PPD强阳性或IGRA阳性397人,总体阳性率1.12％.4年间高中新生潜伏感染率、PDD强阳性率差异均有统计学意义(x2=11.94、25.76,P值均＜0.05).潜伏感染率和强阳性率均为男生(4.10％,1.33％)高于女生(3.22％,0.66％),市区学校潜伏感染率(0.52％)低于农村学校(3.42％)、市区学校强阳性率(1.13％)高于农村学校(0.86％),以上差异均有统计学意义(x2值为19.56、39.28、5.81、6.56,P值均＜0.05).共确诊肺结核病8例,占学校总病例数22.86％,占高中阶段总病例数44.44％.4年间高中新生预防性服药率为38.05％、56.76％、60.63％、63.86％,平均为54.83％(215/397),呈上升趋势(x2势=14.81,P＜0.05).结论 规范性开展新生入学结核病筛查能尽早发现患者,并采取干预措施,真正将传染源阻挡在校门之外,保障师生身心健康.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the screening of tuberculosis and effect of tuberculosis control interventions among freshmen in senior high schools in Rugao City,so as to provide insights into school-based tuberculosis control.Methods All data pertaining to tuberculosis screening among freshmen in senior high schools in Rugao City from 2018 to 2021 were collected,and subjects'gender,age,healthcare seeking,purified protein derivative(PPD)test and interferon-gamma release assay(IGRA)screening results,chest X-ray scanning results,clinical manifestations and prophylactic drug uses were descriptively analyzed.Results A total of 35 253 fresh-men received tuberculosis screening in senior high schools in Rugao City from 2018 to 2021,with a 3.66％prevalence rate of latent tu-berculosis infections,a 1.00％prevalence rate of strongly positive PPD tests,and a 29.41％prevalence rate of positive IGRAs.There were 397 freshmen tested strongly positive for PPD tests or positive for IGRA,with an overall positive rate of 1.12％.There were signifi-cant differences among freshmen in senior high schools during the 4-year study period in terms of the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infections(x2=11.94,P＜0.05)and prevalence of strongly positive PPD tests(x2=25.76,P＜0.05).The prevalence of latent tubercu-losis infections(4.10％vs.3.22％;x2=19.56,P＜0.05)and strongly positive PPD tests(1.33％vs.0.66％;x2=39.28,P＜0.05)was both higher among males than among females.The prevalence of latent tuberculosis infections was lower among freshmen in urban schools than in rural schools(0.52％vs.3.42％;x2=5.81,P＜0.05),and the prevalence of strongly positive PPD tests was higher among freshmen in urban schools than in rural schools(1.13％vs.0.86％;x2=6.56,P＜0.05).A total of 8 patients were definitively diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis,which consisted of 22.86％of all tuberculosis cases in schools and 44.44％of all tuberculosis cases in senior high schools.The proportions of prophylactic drug uses were 38.05％,56.76％,60.63％and 63.86％among freshmen in senior high schools from 2018 to 2021,with a mean proportion of 54.83％(215/397)and appearing a tendency towards a rise(x2=14.81,P＜0.05).Conclusions Standardized screening of tuberculosis during the freshmen enrollment into senior high schools for identification of tuberculosis cases as early as possible and implementation of interventions against tuberculosis-infected cases are effec-tive to block the transmission of the source of tuberculosis infections,achieve a tuberculosis-free campus as soon as possible and protect teachers'and students'health.
关键词
结核病/高中/新生/筛查/潜伏感染Key words
Tuberculosis/Senior high school/Freshman/Screening/Latent infection引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据