Impact of peripheral blood lipid levels and body mass index on risk of cataract:A Mendelian randomization study
Objective To examine the impact of body mass index(BMI)and peripheral blood lipid levels on risk of cataract.Methods BMI,7 peripheral blood lipid parameters and 4 secondary indicator instrumental variables were extracted from genome-wide association studies(GWAS).In addition,the effects of BMI,peripheral blood lipid parameters and secondary indicators on the risk of age-related cataract(ARC)and other types of cataract were examined using inverse-variance weighted(IVW),Mendelian randomiza-tion pleiotropy residual sum and outlier(MR-PRESSO)and Mendelian randomization-Egger(MR-Egger)methods based on Mendelian randomization,and sensitivity analysis was performed with MR-PRESSO,Cochran's Q test and ME-Egger intercept test.Results Ele-vatedBMI significantly correlated with an increased risk of ARC,with ORs(95％CI)of 1.142(1.068,1.220)and 1.137(1.068,1.211)for the IVW and MR-PRESSO methods,and nominally correlated with an increased risk of other types of cataract,with an OR of 1.115(1.014,1.226)for both methods(P=0.025 and 0.026).However,no associations were detected between blood lipid levels and the risk of cataract(all P values＞0.05).Of secondary indicators,elevated C-reactive protein(CRP)levels nominally correlated with an increased risk of ARC,with ORs(95％CI)of 1.057(1.011,1.106),1.057(1.011,1.106)and 1.067(1.008,1.130)(P=0.014,0.015 and 0.028),and no associations of albumin,total bilirubin or blood uric acid were detected with the risk of cataract(all P values＞0.05).After adjustment for triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),apolipoprotein B(ApoB)and lipoprotein(a)(Lp[a])step by step,elevated BMI still correlated an increased risk of ARC,with ORs(95％CI)of 1.177(1.090,1.272),1.164(1.083,1.251)and 1.245(1.015,1.529)(all P values＜0.05),respectively.Sensitivity analysis detected no significant horizontal pleiotropy.Conclusions Elevated BMI and inflammation may be involved in the development and progression of cataract,and peripheral blood lipid metabolism may contribute to the pathogenesis of cataract.
CataractBody mass indexC-reactive proteinBlood lipidMendelian randomization study
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