Contamination of mold in market-sold cooked nut and seed products and punching grain products in Huai'an City
Objective To investigate mold contaminations in market-sold cooked nut and seed products and punching grain prod-ucts in Huai'an City,and to compare the agreement between 18S rRNA sequencing and microbial time-of-flight mass spectrometry for i-dentification of mold species.Methods Cooked nut and seed products and punching grain products were sampled from Huai'an City from 2022 to 2023 for mold detection.The species of mold was identified using 18S rRNA sequencing and microbial time-of-flight mass spectrometry,and the agreement in mold species was compared.The mold species with the highest prevalence was subjected to phyloge-netic analysis,and aphylogenetic tree was created using the software MEGA 7.0.Results A total of 179 market-sold cooked nut and seed products and punching grain productswere detected,and the detection of mold was 14.5％.The detection of mold was 13.2％(10/76)in cooked nut and seed products,and there was one product with the amount of mold exceeding the national criteria,and the detec-tion of mold was 15.5％in punching grain products(16/103).18S rRNA sequencing of 26 mold isolates revealed Penicillium in 9 iso-lates,Aspergillus in 7 isolates,Cladosporium in 5 isolates,Alternaria in 2 isolates,and Rhizopus microsporus,Alternaria alternate and Streptomyces roseoflavus in one isolate.Microbial time-of-flight mass spectrometry identified 14 mold isolates,and shared the same identi-fication of mold species with 18S rRNA sequencing at a genus level,with a consistency rate of 64.3％at a species level.Phylogenetic a-nalysis showed that 9 Penicillium isolates were clustered into two clades,with Penicillium isolates from grain products in the same clade and Penicillium isolates from a year in the same clade.Conclusions The detection of mold is high in market-sold cooked nut and seed products and punching grain products in Huai'an City.Intensified supervision and risk assessment is required.
Cooked nets and seedsPunching grain productMold18S rRNA sequencingMicrobial time-of-flight mass spectrome-tryPhylogenetic tree
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