摘要
目的 分析医学生暑期体育锻炼与心理健康状况及其相关性,为改善医学生心理健康状况提供依据.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取某医科高校1 121名学生,使用一般情况调查表、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表简体中文版(DASS-21)、体育活动等级量表(PARS-3)进行问卷调查.结果 1 121名调查对象中,体育锻炼不足、中等运动量、大运动量分别占76.4％、14.1％、9.5％;是否独生子女、不同性别、生源地、每月可支配金额、家庭关系状况、自觉身体状况者体育锻炼不足的检出率差异均有统计学意义(x2值为11.16～89.21,P值均＜0.05).抑郁、焦虑、压力检出率分别为25.0％、38.3％、13.6％,不同家庭关系状况、自觉身体状况的学生抑郁、焦虑、压力检出率差异均有统计学意义(x2值为48.63～113.52,P值均＜0.05),不同年级学生抑郁检出率差异有统计学意义(x2=8.93,P＜0.05).体育活动等级PARS-3评分与抑郁评分评分(rs=-0.16,P＜0.01)、焦虑评分(r,=-0.12,P＜0.01)、压力评分(r,=-0.10,P=0.01)均呈负相关.多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、体育锻炼、家庭关系状况、自觉身体状况与抑郁、焦虑均有统计学关联,家庭关系状况、自觉身体状况与压力均有统计学关联(OR值为0.71～2.29,P值均＜0.05).结论 医学生暑期体育锻炼不足较普遍,抑郁、焦虑、压力检出率高,积极的体育锻炼对心理健康促进作用.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the status of physical exercises during summer holidays and mental health and their correla-tions among medical students,so as to provide insights into improvements in mental health among medical students.Methods A total of 1 121 medical students were sampled form a university using a random,stratified,cluster sampling method.Questionnaire surveys were performed using General Information Survey Forms,simplified Chinese version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21(DASS21)and Physical Activity Rating Scale(PARS-3).Results A total of 1 121 subjects were enrolled,and the proportions of insufficient,moderate-intensity and high-intensity physical exercises were 76.4％,14.1％and 9.5％among participants,respectively.There were significant differences in the detection of insufficient physical exercises in terms of single child,gender,origin of students,monthly dis-posable money,family relations and self-rated physical status(x2=11.16to 89.21,all Pvalues＜0.05).The prevalence of depression,anxiety and stress was 25.0％,38.3％and 13.6％among participants,and there were significant differences in the detection of depres-sion,anxiety and stress in terms of family relations and self-rated physical status(x2=48.63 to 113.52,all Pvalues＜0.05).There was a grade-specific detection rate of depression among medical students(x2=8.93,P＜0.05),and PARS-3 scores negatively correlated with depression(rs=-0.16,P＜0.01),anxiety(rs=-0.12,P＜0.01)and stress scores(rs=-0.10,P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic re-gression analysis revealed that gender,physical exercise,family relations and self-rated physical status were significantly associated with depression and anxiety,and family relations and self-rated physical status were significantly associated with stress(OR=0.71 to 2.29,all P values＜0.05).Conclusions Insufficient physical exercises are common and the detection of depression,anxiety and stress is low among medical students during summer holidays.Active physical exercises may promote mental health.
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