Analysis of influencing factors and clinical characteristics of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with vascular dementia
Objective To investigate the influencing factors and clinical characteristics of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with vascular dementia(VaD).Methods A total of 164 patients with VaD were divided into two groups of A(complicated with pulmonary infection,80 cases)and B(without pulmonary infection,84 cases).The clinical data of the two groups were collected.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with VaD.The clinical characteristics of elderly VaD patients complicated with pulmonary infection were analyzed.Results Compared with group B,group A had lower activity of daily living scale score,and higher percentages of smoking,diabetes mellitus,severe dementia,long-term bed rest,malnutrition,hypoalbuminemia,disturbance of consciousness,swallowing dysfunction,and invasive procedures(P＜0.05).Smoking,diabetes mellitus,severe dementia,hypoalbuminemia and invasive procedures were the independent risk factors for pulmonary infection in elderly patients with VaD(P＜0.05).In group A,65 patients had respiratory symptoms such as cough,phlegm,shortness of breath and wheezing as the first symptom,71 patients had moist rales and wheezing rales,and white blood cell count was normal in 37 patients.Of 80 patients with pulmonary infection,24 cases were mild,47 cases were moderate,and 9 cases were severe.A total of 26 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 80 patients,including 9 strains of Escherichia coli and 8 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Conclusion Smoking,diabetes mellitus,severe dementia,hypoalbuminemia,and invasive procedures are the independent risk factors for pulmonary infection in elderly patients with VaD.The main pathogens of pulmonary infection are Gram-negative bacteria,and the patients do not necessarily have typical clinical symptoms,signs and laboratory results.
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