针对交通建设过程中不充分的安全管理导致的高速公路桥梁工程施工安全隐患问题,研究了面向桥梁工程施工的风险-隐患-事故全过程安全韧性水平评价方法.通过文献计量分析、WBS理论等方法将韧性引入交通工程安全评价,提出基于安全韧性理论的高速公路桥梁工程评价体系,分析高速公路桥梁工程施工安全韧性机理,形成以安全韧性"4R"特性为一级指标的高速公路桥梁工程施工安全韧性评价指标.传统熵权-逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)评价未考虑异常值对于评价结果的影响,运用统计检测法对异常值进行筛查与二次采集,同时选择熵权法优化权重赋权,构建基于熵权-改进TOPSIS法的桥梁工程安全韧性评价模型,实现对桥梁工程安全韧性的定量评价.本研究选择4条高速公路桥梁施工路段,对其安全韧性水平进行评价并对模型可行性进行分析.结果表明:乙、丁路段属于中等级韧性;甲、丙路段属于低等级韧性.在传统的风险评价法中,乙、丁路段总体风险等级为I级,甲、丙路段总体风险等级为Ⅱ级.评价结果与实际施工情况相符,验证了该模型的有效性和可行性.提出的熵权-改进TOPSIS法能够在确定安全韧性等级的基础上进行敏感性分析,实现风险因素的溯源,帮助决策者进行事前针对性改善.
An Evaluation Method of Safety Resilience for Highway Bridge Engineering Based on an Entropy Weight and Improved TOPSIS Model
Targeting to the safety risks in freeway bridge construction caused by inadequate safety management,this paper develops a safety resilience evaluation method for bridge construction considering the full lifecycle of risk-hazard-accident.Based on bibliometric analysis and WBS theory,the concept of resilience is integrated into safety evaluation for traffic engineering.An evaluation system for freeway bridge engineering based on safety resil-ience theory is proposed,where the safety resilience mechanism of freeway bridge construction is investigated and evaluation index system with"4R"characteristics as primary indicators are developed.Given that traditional tech-nique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)evaluation does not account for the impact of outliers,statistical methods are used to screen and resample the outliers.Meanwhile,entropy weight method is ad-opted to optimize the weights of indices.By doing so,an entropy weight-improved TOPSIS model is developed for safety resilience evaluation of bridge engineering.Four freeway sections containing bridge construction are selected and their levels of safety resilience are evaluated using the proposed model,whose feasibility is analyzed as well.Results show Sections B and D have a medium level of safety resilience,while Sections A and C have a low level.Comparing to the results from the traditional risk assessment method that Sections B and D are Level I and Sections A and C are Level II,results from the proposed model align with real situations.Therefore,the validity and feasibili-ty of the model are confirmed.To sum up,the proposed entropy weight-improved TOPSIS model enables sensitivity analysis and risk factor tracing,and further contributes to targeted preemptive improvements for decision-makers.
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维普
