高速列车碳陶与铸钢制动盘运用热散逸性能对比
Comparison of thermal dissipation performances between carbon-ceramic and cast steel brake discs for high-speed train
左建勇 1郑仕泽 2王天一 2丁景贤3
作者信息
- 1. 同济大学交通学院,上海 201804;同济大学上海市轨道交通结构耐久与系统安全重点实验室,上海 201804
- 2. 同济大学交通学院,上海 201804
- 3. 同济大学交通学院,上海 201804;同济大学机械工程博士后流动站,上海 201804
- 折叠
摘要
为研究用于高速列车的传统铸钢制动盘以及新型碳陶制动盘在400 km·h-1制动初速度下的制动热散逸性能,分别建立了包含碳陶制动盘与铸钢制动盘的高速列车车头复杂模型,在车头模型周围建立空气域,运用流-固-热耦合仿真方法,分析并比较了碳陶制动盘和铸钢制动盘在紧急制动条件下的温度变化及其对周围空气域的影响;分别进行了碳陶制动盘和铸钢制动盘与温度相关的台架试验,对仿真的准确性进行验证.仿真结果表明:在400 km·h-1的制动初速度条件下,碳陶制动盘摩擦表面温度在制动开始后86.3 s时达到峰值1 098.56 K;铸钢制动盘的整体温度变化趋势与碳陶制动盘相似,其摩擦面最高温度在制动开始后73 s时达到峰值1 019.26 K;与铸钢制动盘相比,碳陶制动盘对周围空气域的温度影响更大,可能会在高速列车的转向架区域带来热安全隐患,两者空气域的最大温度差可达210 K;与铸钢制动盘相比,碳陶制动盘的材料和结构均使其内部热传导速率更快,摩擦面温度分布更为均匀,不同径向区域间的温度梯度较小,具有更优的热运用性能;台架试验的对比结果表明本文所建立的包含制动盘的高速列车车头流-固-热耦合仿真模型可以准确预测制动盘在制动过程中的温度变化趋势,并提供详细的温度变化云图.
Abstract
To investigate the braking thermal dissipation performance of traditional cast steel brake discs and new carbon-ceramic brake discs used for high-speed trains at an initial braking speed of 400 km·h-1,complex front head models of high-speed trains containing carbon-ceramic brake discs and cast steel brake discs were established.An air domain was constructed around the front model.A fluid-solid-thermal coupling simulation method was used to analyze and compare the temperature changes of carbon-ceramic brake discs and cast steel brake discs under emergency braking conditions and their effects on the surrounding air domain.Temperature-related bench tests were also conducted for carbon-ceramic brake discs and cast steel brake discs to verify the accuracy of the simulation.Simulation results show that under an initial braking speed of 400 km·h-1,the friction surface temperature of the carbon-ceramic brake disc reaches a peak of 1 098.56 K at 86.3 s after braking starts.The overall temperature change trend of the cast steel brake disc is similar to that of the carbon-ceramic brake disc,and their peak friction surface temperature reaches 1 019.26 K at 73 s after braking starts.However,the carbon-ceramic brake disc has a greater impact on the temperature changes in the surrounding air domain,which may pose thermal safety risks in the bogie area of high-speed trains,and the maximum temperature difference between the two air domains can reach 210 K.Compared with the cast steel brake disc,the material and structure of the carbon-ceramic brake disc allow for a faster internal heat conduction rate,a more uniform temperature distribution on the friction surface,and a smaller temperature gradient between different radial areas,resulting in better thermal performance.However,the carbon-ceramic brake disc has a greater impact on the temperature changes in the surrounding air domain,which may pose thermal safety risks in the bogie area of high-speed trains.The comparative results of the bench tests show that the fluid-solid-thermal coupling simulation model of the high-speed train front containing brake discs can accurately predict the trend of temperature changes during braking and can generate detailed temperature change cloud maps.
关键词
车辆工程/高速列车/流-固-热耦合/碳陶制动盘/铸钢制动盘/热散逸Key words
vehicle engineering/high-speed train/fluid-solid-thermal coupling/carbon-ceramic brake disc/cast steel brake disc/thermal dissipation引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
NETL
NSTL
万方数据