Diversity of endophytic fungi associated with Ginkgo biloba
The endophytic fungi were isolated from samples of roots,branches,leaves and bark of Ginkgo biloba from Fujian,Jiangsu and Guizhou provinces in China.They were identified based on morphology and ITS rDNA sequences.Amongst the 175 isolates,47 groups were erected with their morphological characteristics.One representative isolate of each group was selected for ITS sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.The results showed that all the fungal isolates belonged to eight different fungal groups,namely Eurotiales,Hypocreales,Xylariales,Trichosphaeriales,Glomerellales,Diaporthales,Botryosphaeriales and Pleosporales in Ascomycota.Colletotrichum,Alternaria,Fusarium and Phomopsis were the dominant genera.For the first time,the genera Neonectria and Bionectria were isolated from G biloba.The Shannon-Wiener and Simpson diversity index values for the overall fungal community were H=2.4192 and 1-D=0.8856,respectively,which suggest that G biloba harbors highly diverse mycota.