基于三明治阻尼结构的高速列车制动摩擦振动噪声抑制
Friction-induced Vibration and Noise Reduction of High-speed Train Braking via a Sandwich Damping
项载毓 1莫继良 2贺德强 1朱松 3翟财周 3杜利清3
作者信息
- 1. 广西大学机械工程学院 南宁 530004
- 2. 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室 成都 610031
- 3. 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 常州 213011
- 折叠
摘要
针对高速列车制动系统在列车低运行速度、强制动盘/片摩擦作用时存在的制动尖叫噪声问题,设计了一种三明治阻尼结构以实现制动尖叫噪声的抑制以及摩擦自激振动能量的收集.在自主研制的高速列车制动性能模拟试验台上开展制动摩擦学试验,并基于该试验装置开展摩擦块磨损及瞬态动力学分析,研究三明治阻尼结构对摩擦块表面磨损、制动界面接触及制动系统动力学行为和输出电压特性的影响.结果表明,三明治阻尼结构能够有效抑制制动摩擦振动噪声并显著影响其产生和演变,且依托自身良好的变形能力将制动摩擦振动能量转换为电能;三明治阻尼结构能够显著减小摩擦块的偏磨角度,改善摩擦块表面摩擦磨损特性和制动界面接触行为,减少制动摩擦热的产生和聚集;三明治阻尼结构良好的弹性变形能力可实现制动盘与摩擦块接触状态的实时调整,进而建立稳定的界面接触关系,使得摩擦块表面均匀磨损且整体处于滑动摩擦状态,最终实现了制动系统摩擦自激振动的有效抑制.
Abstract
Considering the severe brake squeal noise generated at the brake pad/disc interface when the train brakes at low running speed,elastic damping shims and piezoelectric elements are designed into a sandwich-like damping aiming at reducing the brake squeal noise and harvesting energy from the friction-induced vibrations simultaneously.Braking tribology tests are performed using the self-developed high-speed train brake dynameter,meanwhile wear and transient dynamic analysis are conducted through finite element method.The influences of the sandwich damping on the surface wear of the friction block and the contact behavior at the brake interface,as well as the output voltage are comprehensively studied.The results indicate that the sandwich damping can effectively reduce the brake squeal noise due to its damping characteristics,meanwhile,significant voltage signal is detected during the brake process,indicating the satisfactory energy conversion performance of the sandwich damping.Based on the experiments and the finite element simulations,it is found that the damping shims can significantly reduce the eccentric wear of the friction block,thereby improving the contact behavior at the brake interface and reducing friction thermal concentration.The flexible damping shims can modify the contact state between the brake disc and friction block in real time,resulting in uniform wear on the pad surface.Therefore,the friction-induced vibration of the brake system is reduced.
关键词
高速列车/三明治阻尼/摩擦振动噪声/振动抑制/能量收集Key words
high-speed train/sandwich damping/friction-induced vibration and noise/vibration reduction/energy harvesting引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(52305187)
国家自然科学基金(U22A20181)
牵引动力国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2020TPL-T06)
四川省科技计划(2020JDTD0012)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据