预期功能安全(Safety of the Intended functionality,SOTIF)问题是智能网联汽车商业化推广的最大难题之一.在对智能网联汽车进行SOTIF分析的过程中,建立合适的风险接受准则能为危害识别和风险评估提供更准确的判别标准,有助于降低开发成本、提高整车的SOTIF信心度和开发效率.为建立合适的风险接受准则,对自然驾驶数据中部分驾驶人交通特性关键参数进行提取以验证驾驶人行为的"极值特性"和参数的正态分布,并分析建立安全接受准则需要遵循的三类基本原则.在结合6标准差(6sigma,6σ)理论在工科领域中的实际应用的基础上,提出将6σ理论用于建立SOTIF风险评估的3σ接受准则,并基于该接受准则重新定义行车安全场(Driving safety field,DSF)中驾驶安全系数(Driving safety index,DSI)标准值的计算方法.利用TrafficNet数据库计算不同基础场景下的DSI的标准值(DSI*),量化基础场景下的SOTIF风险接受准则.研究结果完善智能网联汽车的SOTIF评价体系,有利于从源头提升智能网联汽车安全水平,对避免无止境地推高累积测试里程具有指导意义.
Three-σ Acceptance Criteria of Risk Assessment of Safety of the Intended Functionality of Intelligent Connected Vehicles
Safety of the intended functionality(SOTIF)is one of the biggest challenges in the commercialization of intelligent connected vehicles.In the process of conducting SOTIF analysis on intelligent connected vehicles,establishing appropriate risk acceptance criteria can provide more accurate evaluation criteria for hazard identification and risk assessment,and help reduce development costs,improve the SOTIF confidence and development efficiency of the entire vehicle.In order to establish appropriate risk acceptance criteria,some key parameters of driver traffic characteristics in natural driving data are extracted to validate the"extreme value characteristics"of driver behavior and the normal distribution of parameters.Three basic principles that need to be followed in establishing safety acceptance criteria are analyzed.Based on the practical application of the six standard deviation(6sigma,6σ)theory in the field of engineering,it is proposed to use the 6σ theory to establish the 3σ acceptance criteria for SOTIF risk assessment.Based on this acceptance criteria,the calculation method of the standard value of the driving safety index(DSI)in the driving safety field(DSF)is redefined.Finally,the TrafficNet database is used to calculate the standard value of DSI(DSI*)under different basic scenarios,quantifying the SOTIF risk acceptance criteria under the basic scenarios.The research results have improved the SOTIF evaluation system for intelligent connected vehicles.They are of significance for improving the safety level of intelligent connected vehicles fundamentally and avoiding endless accumulation of testing mileage.
intelligent connected vehiclessafety of the intended functionalityrisk assessmentdriving safety indexacceptance criteria
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
