The central air-conditioning system has a high degree of integration,and the fault propagates in the interrelated functions and structures,however,the relationship between function and structure in the design stage is fuzzy,and the influence of fault propagation on maintainability design is difficult to evaluate.To quantitatively evaluate the influence of fault propagation on the maintainability design central air conditioning system,principle domain is added to the mapping process of function design and structure design of the system,and the"function-principle-structure"multi-domain matrix is established.The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to clarify the influence relationship in the quantitative matrix,and the fault propagation risk assessment model is established.The change propagation management algorithm is used to evaluate the comprehensive risk of fault propagation.By comparing the comprehensive risk of the same fault propagating in different design schemes,designers can choose the design with a higher maintainability.