高熵合金(HEAs)凭借其多主元特性,展现出远超传统合金的优异性能,然而传统制备方法在高熵合金的生产过程中存在诸多限制.随着先进制造技术的快速发展,选区激光熔化(Selective Laser Melting,SLM)技术在高熵合金的制备中展现出显著优势,例如,S L M能够高精度地成形复杂几何结构的高熵合金零件,其独特的高冷却速率特性可显著提升高熵合金的力学性能,因而受到研究者的广泛关注.通过系统介绍了SLM技术的基本原理以及高熵合金粉末的制备方法,总结了SLM制备高熵合金过程中的关键问题,包括缺陷形成、工艺参数优化、合金成分设计,以及后处理手段对材料微观组织和力学性能的影响,研究成果为高熵合金及SLM技术领域的进一步探索提供了理论参考与实践指导.
Research progress in preparation of high entropy alloys by selective laser melting
High-entropy alloys(HEAs),characterized by their multi-principal element composition,exhibit exceptional properties that far surpass those of traditional alloys.However,conventional fabrication methods face numerous limitations in the production of HEAs.With the rapid advancement of advanced manufacturing technologies,selective laser melting(SLM)has demonstrated significant advantages in HEA fabrication.For instance,SLM enables the high-precision formation of HEA components with complex geometries,while its unique high cooling rate significantly enhances the mechanical properties of HEAs,garnering widespread attention from researchers.This paper provides a systematic overview of the fundamental principles of SLM technology and the preparation methods for HEA powders.It also summarizes the critical challenges in SLM-based HEA fabrication,including defect formation,process parameter optimization,alloy composition design,and the effects of post-processing techniques on microstructure and mechanical properties.The findings of this study offer theoretical insights and practical guidance for further exploration in the fields of HEAs and SLM technology.
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