摘要
针对车轮不圆引起的车轮型面变化对轨底坡设置产生的影响,运用SIMPACK软件建立地铁车辆-轨道动力学模型,设置9种轨底坡和2种车轮不圆工况,选用直线和4种不同半径曲线,分析轨底坡耦合车轮不圆对车辆动力学性能的影响;以轮轨垂向力、轮轨横向力、脱轨系数、轮重减载率、轮对横移量和磨耗指数作为评价指标,基于熵权法建立多目标优化模型,对车辆直线运行平稳性和曲线通过能力进行评价,得到轨底坡和车轮不圆的最优匹配方案.研究表明,车轮存在不圆时,轨底坡变化对横向平稳性的影响大于垂向平稳性;车轮不圆会增加轨底坡对轮轨垂向力、轮轨横向力、轮重减载率的影响程度;存在车轮不圆时,直线线路以及R300、R400、R500和R600 m这4种曲线线路下,外/内轨最优轨底坡分别为(1/40,1/30)、(1/20,1/30)、(1/40,1/30)、(1/30,1/30)和(1/30,1/30);无车轮不圆时则为(1/40,1/30)、(1/30,1/40)、(1/30,1/30)、(1/30,1/30)和(1/40,1/30).该研究可以为车轮维护及运营线路设计提供技术支持.
Abstract
Aiming at the focuses on the impact of wheel out-of-round on the profile changes of the wheel surface,a dynamic model for subway vehicles-rail was established using SIMP ACK software.Involveing nine different rail cant settings and two different wheel out-of-round conditions,and including analysis of linear and four different radius curves,the influence of rail cant coupling wheel out-of-round on dynamics performance of subway vehicles was analyzed.Evaluation metrics include wheel-rail vertical force,wheel-rail lateral force,derailment coefficient,wheel load reduction rate,wheel-rail displacement,and wear index.Based on entropy weight method,a multi-objective optimization model was established to evaluate the linear riding smoothness and curve passing ability of the vehicle,and to obtain the optimal matching scheme between rail cant and wheel out-of-round.The study indi-cates that when there is wheel out-of-round,the impact of rail cant changes on lateral smoothness is greater than that on vertical smoothness.The existence of wheel out-of-round will increase the impact of rail cant on wheel-rail vertical force,wheel-rail lateral force,wheel load reduction rate.For linear and curved sections,the optimal rail cant for external or internal rail varies depends on the type of curvature radius.Specifically,the optimal rail cant for the R300,R400,R500 and R600 m is(1/40,1/30),(1/20,1/30),(1/40,1/30),(1/30,1/30)and(1/30,1/30),respectively.When there is no wheel out-of-round,the optimal rail cant for external or internal rail is(1/40,1/30),(1/30,1/40),(1/30,1/30),(1/30,1/30),and(1/40,1/30)respectively.This study provides technical support for wheel maintenance and repair for operational line design.
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