Starting from 2-methyl-4-trifluoromethyl-5-thiazolecarboxylic acid and 4-trifluoromethoxyaniline,thiamethoxam was synthesized via an acid-amine condensation reaction catalyzed by a suitable catalyst,followed by bromination on the benzene ring.The structure of the product was confirmed by NMR and FTIR spectroscopy.The effects of key process parameters on the yield and purity of thiamethoxam were systematically investigated.Under optimized conditions,a pilot-scale study demonstrated a stable and reliable process,yielding a product with a purity of 98.5％(determined by liquid chromatography using an external standard method)and a total yield of 90.7％based on 4-trifluoromethoxyaniline.
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