摘要
选取张掖市交通道路绿地(试验区)和润泉湖公园绿地(对照区)中6种常见绿化树种为研究对象,运用电感耦合等离子体法(ICP)测定了绿化树种根、皮、叶重金属(Cr、Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn)含量,分析了绿化树种不同组织之间的重金属含量、富集系数(BCF)、转运系数(TF)、Muller地累积指数(Igeo)和富集因子(EF),结果表明:(1)不同绿化树种的重金属含量表现为Zn＞Cr＞Cu＞Pb＞Cd,Cr、Cu含量表现为树皮＞树根＞树叶,Zn含量表现为树皮＞树叶＞树根,Cd含量表现为树根＞树皮＞树叶.(2)青海云杉树根对Cd、树皮对Cr、Zn,白蜡树皮对Cu具有较强的富集能力.榆叶梅树叶和树皮对Cr、樟子松树叶和树皮对Zn的转运能力最强,绿化树种树皮对重金属的转运能力强于树叶.(3)交通道路旁表层土壤Cd属偏中度污染,且Cr超过了建设用地土壤污染风险筛选值和管控值.(4)Zn主要来源于人类活动,Pb、Cu的来源受到一定交通活动的影响.青海云杉、白蜡、榆叶梅可作为张掖市道路土壤重金属污染防治的首选绿化树种.
Abstract
Six common green tree species in Zhangye traffic road green space(experimental area)and Runquanhu Park green space(control area)were selected as research materials.Inductively coupled plasma method(ICP)was used to determine the contents of heavy metals(Cr,Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn)in roots,bark and leaves of greening tree species,and the heavy metal content,enrichment coefficient(BCF),transport coefficient(TF),Muller soil accumulation index(Igeo)and enrichment factor(EF)in different tissues of green tree species were analyzed.(1)the order of heavy metal content in different tree species was Zn＞Cr＞Cu＞Pb＞Cd,the order of Cr,Cu content was bark＞roots＞leaves,Zn content was bark＞leaves＞roots,and Cd content was roots＞bark＞leaves.(2)The roots of Picea crassifolia had strong enrichment of Cd,the bark of of Picea crassifolia had strong enrichment of Cr and Zn,and ash bark of ash had strong enrichment of Cu.The leaves and bark of elm plum had the strongest ability to transport Cr,the leaves and bark of pine camphor had the strongest ability to transport Zn,and the bark of green tree species had stronger ability to transport heavy metals than the leaves.(3)The surface soil Cd near traffic roads was moderately polluted,and Cr exceeded the screening value and control value of soil pollution risk for construction land.(4)Zn was mainly derived from human activities,while Pb and Cu sources were affected by certain transportation activities.Picea crassifolia,white wax and elm plum can be used as the preferred afforestation trees for heavy metal pollution control of road soil in Zhangye City.
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