机械强度2025,Vol.47Issue(1) :12-19.DOI:10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.01.002

基于抽油机工况的特征提取与建立和全域故障识别

Feature extraction and establishment based on pumping unit working conditions and global fault identification

任泰珠 樊军 蒋夏新
机械强度2025,Vol.47Issue(1) :12-19.DOI:10.16579/j.issn.1001.9669.2025.01.002

基于抽油机工况的特征提取与建立和全域故障识别

Feature extraction and establishment based on pumping unit working conditions and global fault identification

任泰珠 1樊军 1蒋夏新1
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作者信息

  • 1. 新疆大学 机械工程学院,乌鲁木齐 830017
  • 折叠

摘要

针对目前抽油机井下工况故障特征分类任务难以解决,使得所建立诊断模型适应性差且识别率低的问题,通过对抽油机阀门和抽油杆运动状态的分析,首先将示功图进行数学形态学预处理;然后提出阀门开闭点获取和载荷变化特征获取的两种方法,提取到抽油机全域故障的54个全新特征,建立了抽油机工况的特征库;最后运用决策树、Logistic回归和支持向量机算法,验证了在不同工况下,该特征库均具有较好的分类效果,评估了不同故障的工况特征指标,得到各工况私有规则库.研究结果表明,提取的特征能够有效识别出抽油机全域故障,并且具有较高的识别精度.

Abstract

In response to the challenging task of fault feature classification in the current working conditions of pumping units,which results in poor adaptability and low recognition rate of the established diagnosis model.The dynamometer card was pretreated by mathematical morphology through the analysis of the motion state of the pumping unit valve and the sucker rod.Then,two methods of obtaining valve opening and closing points and load variation characteristics were proposed,and 54 new features of global faults of pumping units were extracted,and the characteristic database of working conditions of the pumping unit was established.Finally,the algorithm of decision tree,logistic regression and support vector machine was used to verify that the feature database has good classification effect under different working conditions.The characteristic indexes of different fault conditions were evaluated,and the private rule database of each working condition was obtained.The research results demonstrate that the proposed features in this study are capable of effectively identifying comprehensive faults in pumping units,exhibiting a high level of recognition accuracy.

关键词

抽油机/示功图/特征提取/故障识别/阀门

Key words

Oil pumping machine/Dynamometer card/Feature extraction/Fault identification/Valve

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出版年

2025
机械强度
中国机械工程学会,郑州机械研究所

机械强度

北大核心
影响因子:0.376
ISSN:1001-9669
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