The empirical nature of history is mainly reflected in its dependence on historical materials.There is no historiography without historical data.Historical research is subject to the inherent limitations of historical sources.Historical sources not only limit the recurrence of history,but also allow the reap-pearance of history that has passed.Historians open up the real historical world through these historical materials,positioning and conceptualizing them,filling in information in reverse,making historical ma-terials clear,and achieving the reenactment of historical scenes.Historical materials constitutes the first step in the compilation of history.Historical interpretation is firstly embodied in the stage of historical data interpretation,with the purpose of revealing the commonality and public nature inherent in the his-torical materials.Looking ahead,the vast number of historical materials will lead to an extreme growth in irrelevant and useless historical materials,posing a realistic challenge for historians in preserving records.Therefore,it is imperative to find ways to preserve historical materials for the future.