On Ramsey's"Certain and Forcible Criticism"to Wittgenstein
Frank P.Ramsey is a philosopher whom Ludwig Wittgenstein credits primarily in his later repre-sentative work,the Philosophical Investigations.Wittgenstein believed that it was Ramsey's"certain and forcible criticism"that had been forced him to recognize the grave mistakes in his earlier work,the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus.Ramsey earned Wittgenstein's high regard because,as a philosopher who most deeply understood the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus at that time,he could appreciate its main thoughts and academic values from within,while also identifying problems in its fundamental stance and philosophical tendency.Ramsey not only discovered a series of defects in the theory of logi-cal pictures and the philosophical positions of the work,but he also supplemented these with his own pragmatically influenced"human logic".Ramsey's"certain and forcible criticism"prompted Wittgen-stein to respond positively,leading him to move beyond the standpoint of the Tractatus Logico-Philo-sophicus and contributing to his later philosophical orientation toward the roots of philosophical issues in social life and linguistic practice.
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