Numerical Simulation of Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristics of High-Speed Train Pantograph
The unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of the pantograph seriously affect the current collection performance between the pantograph and the catenary.Based on the theory of computational fluid dynamics,detached-eddy simulation(DES)meth-od is used to numerically simulate the aerodynamic characteristics of the pantograph operating at high speed with or without crosswind.The numerical calculation results were verified by wind tunnel test data.The results of the study indicate:the aerody-namic force of the pantograph exhibits very significant unsteady characteristics;the flow field around the pantograph is approxi-mately symmetrically distributed in a windless environment,cross wind will destroy the symmetry of the flow field,the vortex mi-grates to the leeward side of the airflow,the speed and intensity of the vortex shedding on the surface of the pantograph increase,and the speed of the downstream development and the speed of fragmentation increase.The aerodynamic fluctuations of the panto-graph frame system are most affected by the cross wind,followed by the collector head;under cross wind,the frequency distribu-tion of the power spectral density of the pantograph components is wider,the fluctuating lift of the collector head has obvious main frequency characteristics,and the slide plate contributes the most to this main frequency.
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