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小学生空间观念核心素养测评及启示

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空间观念作为义务教育阶段的数学核心素养之一,能帮助学生更好地理解现实生活中空间物体的形态与结构,是形成空间想象力的经验基础.据此,选取6年级210名学生作为研究对象,构建测评框架,开发测评题目,并采用测验法对其展开空间观念素养的现状调查,了解学生在空间观念上的表现.研究结果表明:学生在空间观念上整体表现良好,但差异较大;在平移维度上表现较好,在轴对称、方位和三视图维度上表现一般,在旋转维度上表现有待加强.在未来的教学实践中,教师应强调学生对空间观念有关内容的理解和掌握,重视学生空间想象力的培养,同时加强学生对有关生活经验的积累.
Evaluation and Enlightenment of Primary School Students'Core Literacy of Spatial Concept
As one of the mathematics core literacy in compulsory education,the spatial concept is conducive to helping students better understand the form and structure of space objects in real life and is the em-pirical basis for forming spatial imagination.Based on this,this study selected 210 sixth graders as the participants,constructed an investigation framework,developed investigation items,and the present situation of spatial concept literacy is investigated by testing method to understand the per-formance of students in spatial concept.The research results indicated that:students generally per-formed well in spatial concept literacy,but the difference was large.Specifically,students performed well in the translation dimension,but not well in the axial symmetry,orientation and three-view dimension,and need to be strengthened in the rotation dimension.In the future teaching practice,teachers should further strengthen students'understanding and mastery of the relevant knowledge of spatial concept,attach importance to the cultivation of students'spatial imagination ability and strengthen students'accumulation of relevant life experience.

core literacyprimary school mathematicsspatial concept

周达、李翊铭

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东北师范大学教育学部(长春 130024)

核心素养 小学数学 空间观念

2024

教育测量与评价
湖南省教育考试院

教育测量与评价

影响因子:0.346
ISSN:1674-1536
年,卷(期):2024.(5)