脊柱侧弯是影响人类健康的疾病之一,Cobb角的准确计算是临床上确定脊柱侧弯分型和制定诊疗方案的关键.针对人工测量Cobb角存在耗时长、不够准确、效率低下等问题,本文设计了一种基于改进U-Net的脊柱侧弯Cobb角 自动测量方法.由经验丰富的脊柱外科医生使用LabelMe工具对200例脊柱侧弯患者的X线片数据集进行标注.采用ResNet5 0作为主干网络改进基本的语义分割模型U-Net,并与另外2个语义分割模型DeeplabV3和PSPNet在脊柱侧弯X线片数据集上分别进行训练.实验结果表明,改进的U-Net模型的平均交并比(mean intersection over union,MIOU)值达到了94.72％,分别比PSPNet和DeeplabV3模型的MIOU值提升了5.36％和2.30％.最后,基于改进的U-Net模型设计了脊柱侧弯Cobb角的自动测量算法,并开发了可视化的自动测量软件.经过实际测试,发现在常规的电脑上输入一张患者的X线片,只需6.3 s即可自动计算Cobb角大小,其速度远快于医生手动测量,显著提高了医生的工作效率,表明本文设计的脊柱侧弯Cobb角 自动测量方法是有效的.
Research on the Automatic Measurement Algorithm of Scoliosis Cobb Angle Based on Improved U-Net and X-Rays
Scoliosis is one of the diseases that affect human health.The accurate calculation of Cobb angle is the key to determine the classification of scoliosis and make the diagnosis and treatment plan.In order to solve the problems of time-consuming,inaccuracy and low efficiency in the manual measurement of Cobb angle,an automatic measurement method of scoliosis Cobb angle based on improved U-Net was designed in this paper.The X-ray data sets of 200 scoliosis patients were first annotated by an experienced spine surgeon using the LabelMe tool,and then the basic semantic segmentation model U-Net was improved using ResNet50 as the backbone network.The three semantic segmentation models that improved U-Net,DeeplabV3 and PSPNet,were designed and trained on the scoliosis X-ray data sets.The experimental results showed that the improved U-Net model achieved 94.72％in the mean intersection over union(MIOU)in-dex,which was better than PSPNet and DeeplabV3 models by 5.36％and 2.30％respectively.Finally.an automatic measurement algo-rithm of the Cobb angle of scoliosis based on the improved U-Net model was designed,and a visual automatic measurement software was developed.In the actual test,when inputing a patient's X-ray to a common computer,the software could automatically calculate the Cobb angle size only 6.3 s,which was much faster than doctors manual measurement,so this method can significantly improve the efficiency of the doctors.The test results showed that the designed automatic measurement method of the Cobb angle of scoliosis is effective.
ScoliosisX-ray imagesCobb angleU-NetIntersection over union
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