Comparative Genomic and Phylogenetic Analyses of Mitochondrial Genome in Oil Palm
Elaeis guineensis is an important oil-producing species in the family Arecaceae,genus Elaeis.It has high economic value and is widely cultivated and utilized in tropical regions worldwide.In order to explore the characteristics of E.guineensis mitochondrial genome and its phylogenetic relationship,the E.guineensis mitochondrial genome was assembled using third-generation of sequencing data,and the size was 676 774 bp.A total of 99 genes were identified in the mitochondrial genome of E.guineensis,including 45 pro-tein coding genes with different functional types,47 tRNA coding genes and 7 rRNA coding genes,and 80 simple sequence repeats and 952 scattered repeat sequences of 300 bp or longer were identified.By comparing the mitochondrial genomes of gymnosperms,angio-sperms,mosses,and algae,it was found that gymnosperms have the highest G+C content,followed by angiosperms,while mosses have the smallest mitochondrial genomes,and algae have the lowest G+C content in their mitochondrial genomes.Among them,the mito-chondrial genomes of E.guineensis,Cocos nucifera,and Phoenix dactylifera are similar in size,with G+C content around 45%.Addi-tionally,arginine is the most frequently used overlapping codon in the mitochondrial genomes of Arecaceae.Phylogenetic relationship and collinear analysis showed that Elaeis guineensis and Cocos nucifera were more closely related than Elaeis guineensis and Phoenix dactylifera.Three palm species exhibit low rates of mitochondrial genome structural variation but high levels of sequence diversity.In this study,the mitochondrial genome of Elaeis guineensis was assembled based on third-generation of sequencing data,which provided good data support for Arecaceae germplasm resources conservation,mitochondrial comparative genomics,genetic diversity,phylogeny and codon preference.
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