Comparative Study on Differentially Expressed Genes of Hirudinaria manillensis,Hirudo nipponia,and Whitmania pigra
Hirudinaria manillensis,Hirudo nipponia and Whitmania pigra are extensively utilized as medicinal leeches in China,ex-hibiting anti-tumor,anti-thrombosis,anti-atherosclerosis,and lipid regulation properties.The promotion of the cultural concept of tra-ditional Chinese medicine is becoming increasingly vital for leech studies.However,limited research has been conducted on transcrip-tome sequencing analysis across various leech species.In this study,the transcripts of Hirudinaria manillensis,Hirudo nipponia,and Whitmania pigra were analyzed,and the gene expression patterns were compared.A total of 27 cDNA libraries of different body seg-ments of different species of leeches were constructed,and 2 880 differentially expressed genes and 183 differentially expressed lncR-NAs were identified.The findings revealed significant variations in gene expression patterns among leech species,encompassing 1 681 differentially expressed genes in Hirudinaria manillensis vs Hirudo nipponia,2 156 differentially expressed genes in Hirudinaria ma-nillensis vs Whitmania pigra,and 468 differentially expressed genes in Hirudo nipponia vs Whitmania pigra.Substantial differences in gene expression were observed between Hirudinaria manillensis and the other two species,while minimal differences were noted be-tween Hirudo nipponia and Whitmania pigra.Moreover,GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that differentially expressed genes in Hirudinaria manillensis,Hirudo nipponia,and Whitmania pigra were mainly associated with catabolic processes,actin cytoskeleton,striated muscle cell differentiation,contractile fiber,enzyme activator activity,and ribosome.Compared to Hirudo nipponia,there was significantly increased expression of genes related to fiber,actin cytoskeleton,and muscle development.Furthermore,genes or proteins related to anticoagulation,anti-inflammatory,and analgesic effects were highly expressed in Hirudinaria manillensis but showed lower expression levels in Whitmania pigra.These findings provide insights into the clinical applications of Hirudinaria manillensis,Hirudo nipponia,and Whitmania pigra and their differential therapeutic effects in traditional Chinese medicine.
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