Comparative Study of Differences in Serum Metabolites in Buffaloes at Different Growth Stages
The aim of this study was to compare serum biochemical indices as well as serum metabolites in buffaloes(Bubalus bubalis)at different growth stages with a view to discovering differential serum biochemical components and differential metabolic markers.Serum samples were randomly collected from 30 buffaloes at different growth stages(10 breastfeeding,10 weaning and 10 adulthood)and used for the determination of serum biochemical indices and serum endogenous metabolites.The results showed that the biochemical indices that were significantly different(P＜0.05 for two-by-two comparison)among the three growth stages were urea nitrogen,triglycerides,immunoglobulin A,total cholesterol,and indirect bilirubin,respectively.Total cholesterol levels were lower in breastfeeding buffaloes compared to adult buffaloes due to lower abundance of rumen absorbed acetate and less dependence on gluconeogenesis.Comparative analysis of the serum metabolome revealed that 4 824 and 11 522 metabolites were identified in positive and negative ion modes,respec-tively.Among the differential metabolites compared pairwise in three growth stages,12 serum differential metabolites were selected,in-cluding 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid,theobromine,methylxanthine,allantoic acid,cytidine,3-uridine propionic acid,and arachidonic acid.During the growth process of buffalo,there were significant differences in the synthesis and metabolism pathways of amino acid and fatty acid,indicating that the protein metabolic pathways were significantly increased during the transition from breastfeeding to weaning in buffaloes.Therefore,it is recommended to add moderate amounts of protein to basal diets aimed at safeguarding the healthy growth of buffaloes and improve the efficiency of utilization of feed.The high levels of methylxanthine and tryptophan in the serum of a-dult buffaloes indicate a significant increase in the antioxidant and immune capacity of adult buffaloes compared to young buffaloes.
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