Comparative Analysis of the Transcriptional Profiles of Milk Fat Globules and Mamary Gland from Golden Hamsters
Golden hamsters(Mesocricetus auratus)were used as the experimental animals to perform transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)on milk fat globules and mammary gland in this study.The differences and correlation in gene expression patterns have been stu-died to explore the feasibility of applying multiple milk fat globules that can be sampled multiple times to study gene expression patterns related to lactation characteristics.Total RNA from mammary gland and milk fat globules from golden hamsters was extracted for tran-scriptome sequencing by Trizol,and gene expression patterns in mammary gland and milk fat globules were compared.The results showed that a total of 21 360 genes were identified from golden hamsters mRNA,of which 12 624(59％)genes were co-expressed in milk fat globules and mammary gland,including 7 908 non-differentially expressed genes(NDEGs)and 3 992 differentially expressed genes(DEGs).NDEGs accounted for only 37％of the total number of genes,indicating large differences in gene expression patterns between milk fat globules and mammary gland.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of the NDEGs and DEGs showed that both NDEGs and DEGs were mainly enriched in the signaling pathways related to the lactation function such as lipid metabolism.Four randomly se-lected NDEGs and DEGs associated with lactation traits were analyzed by real time quantitative PCR and the results showed that their expression trends were consistent with RNA-seq.In conclusion,the gene expression patterns in milk fat globules and mammary gland are quite different.Milk fat globules are not suitable to completely replace the breast tissue as materials for gene expression-related studies,and can only be applied to the study of partial lactation-related gene expression.This study provides a new understanding and data reference for the application of milk fat globules instead of mammary gland to study the expression and the regulation mechanism of genes related to lactation traits in mammals.
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