Characterization of Gesonula punctifrons Mitochondrial Genome and Compara-tive Analysis Among Oxyinae Species
Gesonula punctifrons is one of important pests affecting aquatic vegetables such as lotus roots and taros.To investigate its mi-togenome structure and the evolutionary feature of the mitogenomes among the subfamily Oxyinae,this study obtained the complete mitoge-nome sequence of Gesonula punctifrons using second-generation sequencing technology.Comparative analysis were conducted on the mitog-enome structure and base composition of G.punctifrons and 11 other reported Oxyinae species.The mitogenome of Gesonula punctifrons was 16 312 bp in size with an A+T content of 76.16％.It included 13 protein-coding genes(PCGs),22 transfer RNAs(tRNAs)genes,2 ribosomal RNAs(rRNAs)genes,and an AT-rich region.The mitogenome sizes of Oxyinae species ranged from 15 427 to 16 402 bp,with all sequences exhibited a distinct A+T bias(74.75％～76.16％).Secondary structure analyses of tRNAs revealed that apart from tRNASer(AGN)lacking a DHU arm and forming a simple loop,the remaining genes could form a typical cloverleaf structure.Bayesian infer-ence(BI)and maximum likelihood(ML)methods were employed to reconstruct the phylogenetic trees of Oxyinae using 13 PCGs.The re-sults showed that Gesonula punctifrons occupied the basal position of Oxyinae.This study provided the mitogenome sequence of Gesonula punctifrons and conducted comparative mitochondrial genomics analysis of Oxyinae.These findings not only contribute foundational data for molecular systematic studies in Orthoptera,but also aid in elucidating the differentiation patterns of Oxyinae mitogenomes.
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