杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides)是一种源自中国且具有2 000多年历史的药用树种。贵州省黔西南州杜仲种质资源的收集和利用受到资料缺乏制约。为解决这一问题，本研究初步评估黔西南州和贵阳市的杜仲种质资源的表型多样性，并使用10对基因组多态性简单重复序列(simple sequence repeated，SSR)和5对转录组多态性SSR评估种质资源的遗传多样性。结果显示，62份种质资源具有较高的叶色多样性和遗传多样性。进一步进行分子方差分析(analysis of molecular variance，AMOVA)发现，75％的变异存在于个体之间。在种群结构分析中可将不同类群划分为3个不同聚类，与主成分分析(principal compo-nent analysis，PCA)结果基本吻合。利用非加权组平均法(unweighted pairgroup method with arithmetic mean，UPGMA)和算术平均树形图构建杜仲系统进化树，可将供试材料划分为4个类群，与地理来源高度一致。综上，本研究成功利用SSR标记分析黔西南州杜仲种质资源的遗传多样性，为该地区种质资源的合理保护和收集提供一定的参考价值。
Exploring the Genetic Diversity of Eucommia ulmoides in Qianxinan Prefecture,Guizhou Province Based on SSR Molecular Markers
Eucommia ulmoides is a medicinal tree species native to China that has been utilized for over 2 000 years.However,the col-lection and utilisation of E.ulmoides germplasm resources in Qianxinan Prefecture of Guizhou Province is hindered by a lack of data.In order to address this issue,this study initially assessed the phenotypic diversity of E.ulmoides germplasm resources in the Qianxinan Pre-fecture and Guiyang City,and 10 pairs of genome polymorphic simple sequence repeated(SSR)and 5 pairs of transcriptomic polymorphic SSR were used to assess the genetic diversity of 62 E.ulmoides accessions.The results indicated that the genetic and leaf color phenotypic diversity was relatively high.The analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA)showed that 75％of the variation was among individuals.Population structure analysis assigned the different accessions to three distinct clusters,which closely resembles the findings of the princi-pal component analysis(PCA).Moreover,a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the unweighted pairgroup method with arithmetic mean(UPGMA)with an arithmetic mean dendrogram,which divided all studied E.ulmoides individuals into four groups,consistent with their geographic origins.In conclusion,this study successfully used SSR to identify the genetic diversity E.ulmoides in Qianxinan Prefec-ture.The findings provide valuable insights for the rational conservation and collection of germplasm resources in the region.
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