With the continuous advancement of highway construction,the issue of conflicting interests among multiple stakeholders has become increasingly prominent.Resolving these conflicts is key to improving project progress and cost-effectiveness.This study utilized questionnaire surveys and expert ratings to gather data,employed DEMATEL and ISM methods to identify the key influencing factors of interest conflicts,and established a multi-level hierarchical structure from bottom to top.The research findings indicate that:Commitment between project entities and profitability during project operation are core key influencing factors;Consistency of objectives among project participants and unreasonable franchise tenure are direct triggers of interest conflicts.To address these issues,we propose a series of strategies and recommendations to facilitate better collaboration among stakeholders in PPP projects,mitigate interest conflicts,and enhance project success rates and quality.