在实现零碳建筑的路径中引入市场化交易机制,对提高建筑业主建设零碳建筑积极性、促进全社会减排目标具有重要作用.本文分析了国内外零碳建筑引入市场化交易机制方式及发展现状,综合考虑了市场化交易机制的可行性与额外性,建议优先采用绿色电力交易与以CCER为主的碳信用产品交易,并针对我国零碳建筑引入市场化交易机制后存在的潜在技术问题进行讨论,以将近零碳建筑提升至零碳建筑为目标,提出了 1种基于长期零碳排放锁定的成本效益法,确定了技术降碳与市场化交易机制综合应用时的约束方式,量化了零碳建筑引入市场化交易机制对碳交易市场的影响.结果表明:当市场化交易减排时间不低于10 a时,零碳建筑可同时兼顾环境效益与成本效益;当市场化交易减排比例不超过30％时零碳建筑成本效益最优;在此减排时间和比例下,积极推广零碳建筑参与碳交易市场,每年将带来150万t碳信用产品成交量,占自愿核证碳减排量市场成交量的10％～20％;综合考虑建筑自身资源、可行性与零碳建筑环境与成本效益,建议约束建筑设计阶段预购买交易产品的市场化交易减排时间不低于10 a.
Research on the Application of Green Electricity Trading and Carbon Trading in Zero Carbon Buildings
Introducing market-oriented trading mechanism into the path of realizing zero carbon buildings plays an important supporting role in motivating building owners to build zero carbon buildings and promoting the emission reduction target of the whole society.This paper analyzed the ways and development status of introducing market-oriented trading mechanism of zero carbon buildings in China and abroad.Considering the feasibility and extras of market-oriented trading mechanism,suggestions were made to give priority to green electricity trading and carbon credit product trading based on CCER,and discussion was made on the potential technical problems existing after introducing market-oriented trading mechanism into zero carbon buildings in China.Aiming at upgrading from nearly zero carbon building to zero carbon building,a cost-benefit methodology based on long-term zero-carbon emission locking was proposed,and the constraint mode for the integrated application of technology carbon reduction and market trading mechanism is determined,and the impact of introducing market trading mechanism for zero carbon building on carbon trading market is quantified.The results show that when the emission reduction time of market trading is not less than 10 years,the zero carbon building can take into account both environmental benefits and cost benefits;The cost-effectiveness of zero carbon buildings is the best when the emission reduction ratio of market transactions does not exceed 30％;Under this emission reduction time and ratio,actively promoting zero carbon buildings to participate in the carbon trading market will bring 1.5 million tons of carbon credit product turnover every year,accounting for 10％to 20％of the volume of voluntary certified carbon emission reduction market.Considering the building's own resources,feasibility,zero-carbon building environment and cost-effectiveness,it is suggested to restrict the market-based trading time of pre-purchased trading products in the building design stage to no less than 10 years.
zero carbon buildingmarket-oriented trading mechanismgreen electricity tradingcarbon trading
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